Abstract :

The Hunt For Sustainable Alternatives Has Been Fuelled By The Indiscriminate Use Of Dangerous Chemical Reagents And Energy-intensive Physical Processes In Conventional Nanoparticle Manufacturing. Utilising Phytochemicals Including Flavonoids, Terpenoids, Polyphenols, And Alkaloids As Natural Reducing And Capping Agents, Green Production Of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) Using Plant Extracts Has Become A Straightforward, Inexpensive, And Environmentally Safe Method. The Current Knowledge Of Plant-mediated AgNP Synthesis, The Reaction Parameters That Control Particle Size, Shape, And Stability, And The Analytical Methods Used To Characterise Them Such As UV-visible Spectroscopy, Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), And Electron Microscopy (SEM/TEM) Are All Compiled In This Review. Environmental Applications, Such As Photocatalytic Degradation Of Synthetic Dyes, Elimination And Colorimetric Detection Of Hazardous Heavy Metal Ions, Antimicrobial Disinfection Of Contaminated Water, And Prospects In Agricultural Pest And Pathogen Management, Are Given Special Attention. The Benefits Of Biogenic AgNPs Over Their Chemically Synthesised Counterparts Are Examined, Along With The Ongoing Issues Of Long-term Ecotoxicological Safety, Standardisation, And Reproducibility. The Review Concludes That, If Synthesis Protocols Are Optimised And Toxicological Profiles Are Thoroughly Established Prior To Large-scale Deployment, Plant-mediated Green Synthesis Represents A Scalable And Scientifically Sound Path Toward Sustainable Nanotechnology For Environmental Remediation.

Published:

25-12-2025

Issue:

Vol. 25 No. 12 (2025)

Page Nos:

624-633

Section:

Articles

License:

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

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