Abstract :

Compression Ignition (CI) Engines Are Widely Used Due To Their High Efficiency And Torque Output, Yet They Suffer From High Particulate Matter, Smoke, And NOx Emissions. This Paper Investigates The Effect Of Hydroxy (HHO) Gas Enrichment On The Performance And Emission Characteristics Of A CI Engine Through Both Experimental Testing And Diesel-RK Simulation. HHO Gas, Produced By Water Electrolysis, Is Introduced Into The Intake Manifold As A Supplementary Fuel. Experiments Were Conducted At Various Loads, And Key Parameters Such As Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE), Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC), Mechanical Efficiency, Volumetric Efficiency, And Emissions (NOx, Hartridge Smoke, Bosch Smoke Number, And Particulate Matter) Were Measured. Diesel-RK Simulation Was Performed To Validate Experimental Trends And Analyze In-cylinder Pressure, Temperature, Heat Release Rate, And Knock Intensity. Results Show That HHO Enrichment Improves Brake Thermal Efficiency By Up To 29.3%, Reduces Specific Fuel Consumption, And Significantly Lowers Smoke And Particulate Matter (up To 70% Reduction). NOx Emissions Increase Slightly Due To Higher Combustion Temperatures But Remain Controllable. The Study Confirms That HHO Gas Is An Effective Supplementary Fuel For Achieving Cleaner And More Efficient CI Engine Operation.

Published:

09-4-2026

Issue:

Vol. 26 No. 4 (2026)

Page Nos:

2167 - 2172

Section:

Articles

License:

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to Cite