Abstract :

The Need For Efficient Automatic Sanitation Systems Has Increased Significantly In Public And Private Facilities As Toilet Cleaning Is A Repetitive Task And Is Often Perceived As Undesirable By Individuals. This Paper Presents The Design, Development, And Experimental Evaluation Of A Semiautomatic Three-axis Robotic Arm System For Cleaning Both Indian And Western Toilets. The Proposed System Integrates A Three-degree-of-freedom (3-DOF) Robotic Manipulator, Rotating Brush Mechanism, Water Jet System, And Disinfectant Spraying Unit, Controlled Through A Microcontroller Based Interface. The Robotic System Is Designed To Address The Limitations Of Conventional Cleaning Methods By Reducing Human Intervention, Improving Cleaning Consistency, And Optimizing Resource Utilization. Experimental Analysis Was Conducted Under Multiple Operating Conditions And Compared With Manual Cleaning Methods. Results Indicate That The Proposed System Reduces Cleaning Time By Up To 48%, Water Consumption By 41%, And Detergent Usage By 33%, While Achieving A Maximum Cleaning Coverage Of 96%. Mechanical And Electrical Performance Evaluations Confirm Stable Operation Within Safe Limits, With Efficient Power Consumption And Adequate Battery Life For Practical Applications. The System Demonstrates Adaptability To Different Toilet Geometries, Making It Suitable For Diverse Sanitation Environments. The Proposed Semi-automatic Robotic Cleaning System Offers A Cost Effective, Scalable, And Safer Alternative To Traditional Methods And Has Strong Potential For Deployment In Public Sanitation Facilities, Hospitals, And Smart City Infrastructures.

Published:

09-4-2026

Issue:

Vol. 26 No. 4 (2026)

Page Nos:

2035-2045

Section:

Articles

License:

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

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