Abstract :

Various Domains, Like Environmental Sensing, Healthcare, Military Surveillance And Industrial Automation, Have Relied On Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) To Monitor And Control Different Processes. Some Important Factors That Affect WSN Performance Are Energy Efficiency, Delay, Network Life Span, Packet-delivery Ratio And Data Transfer Rate. This Paper Checks The Performance Of WSNs In Various Network Setups And Differing Environmental Conditions. Various Routing Protocols, Communication Models And Methods Of Deployment Are Studied By Simulation To Explore What Impacts Their Performance. The Study Points Out That Choosing One Design For A Protocol Can Affect Another Aspect And That The Effect Of Density And Energy Type On The Network Should Not Be Ignored. The Study Gives Important Recommendations For Improving WSNs According To The Specific Needs Of Various Applications. Keywords— Wireless Sensor Networks, Routing Protocols, Performance Metrics, Energy Efficiency, Network Lifetime, Latency, Throughput, Simulation, Protocol Comparison.

Published:

25-9-2025

Issue:

Vol. 25 No. 9 (2025)

Page Nos:

411-419

Section:

Articles

License:

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

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